@article {KNZ001007, title = {Development of water usage coefficients for the fully-watered tallgrass prairie}, journal = {Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers}, volume = {51}, year = {2008}, pages = {153 -159}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ}, author = {Hutchinson, S.L. and Koelliker, J.K. and Alan K. Knapp} } @article {KNZ00774, title = {Frequency and extent of water limitation to primary production in a mesic temperate grassland}, journal = {Ecosystems}, volume = {4}, year = {2001}, pages = {19 -28}, abstract = {The frequency and extent of water limitation to aboveground net primary production (ANPP) in a mesic grassland in NE Kansas (Konza Prairie, USA) was assessed with an 8-year irrigation experiment. Since 1991, transects spanning upland and lowland sites in annually burned, ungrazed tallgrass prairie were provided with supplemental water to satisfy evapotranspirational demands. This protocol minimized water limitations during the growing season, as well as interannual variability in water stress. Irrigation of this mesic grassland increased ANPP in 6 of 8 years by an average of 26\% when compared to control transects. Although interannual variation in ANPP was greater in uplands than lowlands at nominal levels of precipitation, reducing interannual variability in water availability via irrigation eliminated topographic differences; the irrigation protocol also reduced interannual variability in ANPP by as much as 40\%. The addition of supplemental water enabled us to extend the relationship between annual precipitation and ANPP in grasslands to precipitation levels (average, 1153 mm; maximum, 1346 mm) similar to those experienced by more mesic grasslands that today exist only as remnants several hundred kilometers east of Kansas. This relationship was linear (r 2= 0.81), with maximum ANPP (738 g/m2) similar to values reported for sites in Illinois and Wisconsin. After 8 years of irrigation, production of the C3 forb component was twice that in control sites. These results indicate that water limitations in grasslands at the western edge of the presettlement extent of tallgrass prairie affect ANPP in most years and that this high frequency of water limitation may lead to greater dominance of the C4 grasses than is seen in more eastern grassland sites.}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ, Andropogon gerardii, C 4 grasses, forbs, grassland, irrigation, leaf water potential, Primary production, tallgrass prairie, water limitation}, doi = {10.1007/s100210000057}, author = {Alan K. Knapp and J. M. Briggs and Koelliker, J.K.} } @inbook {KNZ00642, title = {Hydrology and aquatic chemistry}, booktitle = {Grassland Dynamics: Long-Term Ecological Research in Tallgrass Prairie}, year = {1998}, pages = {159 -176}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, organization = {Oxford University Press}, address = {New York}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ, tallgrass prairie}, author = {Gray, L.J. and G. L. Macpherson and Koelliker, J.K. and W. K. Dodds}, editor = {Alan K. Knapp and J. M. Briggs and D.C. Hartnett and Scott. L. Collins} } @article {KNZ00533, title = {Nitrogen transport from tallgrass prairie watersheds}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Quality}, volume = {25}, year = {1996}, pages = {973 -981}, abstract = {Discharge and N content of surface water flowing from four Karst watersheds on Konza Prairie Research Natural Area, Kansas, managed with different burn frequencies, were monitored from 1986 to 1992. The goal was to establish the influence of natural processes (climate, fire, and bison grazing) on N transport and concentration in streams. Streams were characterized by variable flow, under conditions that included an extreme flood and a drought during which all channels were dry for over a year. The estimated groundwater/stream water discharge ratio varied between 0.15 to 6.41. Annual N transport by streams, averaged across all watersheds and years, was 0.16 kg N ha-1 yr-1. Annual N transport per unit area also increased as the watershed area increased and as precipitation increased. Total annual transport of N from the prairie via streams ranged from 0.01 to 6.0\% of the N input from precipitation. Nitrate and total N concentrations in surface water decreased (P < 0.001, r values ranged from 0.14{\textendash}0.26) as length of time since last fire increased. Increased watershed area was correlated negatively (P < 0.0001) to stream water concentrations of NO-3N and total N (r values = -0.43 and -0.20, respectively). Low N concentration is typical of these streams, with NH+4-N concentrations below 1.0 {\textmu}g L-1, NO-3-N ranging from below 1.4 to 392 {\textmu}g L-1, and total N from 3.0 to 714 {\textmu}g L-1. These data provide an important baseline for evaluating N transport and stream water quality from unfertilized grasslands.}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ, tallgrass prairie}, doi = {10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500050007x}, author = {W. K. Dodds and John M. Blair and Henebry, G.M. and Koelliker, J.K. and Ramundo, R.A. and Tate, C.M.} } @proceedings {KNZ00456, title = {Water relations and biomass responses to irrigation across a topographic gradient in tallgrass prairie}, year = {1994}, pages = {215 -220}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ, Water relations}, url = {http://images.library.wisc.edu/EcoNatRes/EFacs/NAPC/NAPC13/reference/econatres.napc13.aknapp.pdf}, author = {Alan K. Knapp and Koelliker, J.K. and Fahnestock, J.T. and J. M. Briggs}, editor = {Wickett, R.G. and Lewis, P.D. and Woodliffe, A. and Pratt, P.} } @inbook {KNZ00195, title = {Considerations in modeling the hydrology of Konza Prairie long-term ecological research site}, booktitle = {Modeling Agricultural, Forest and Rangeland Hydrology}, year = {1988}, pages = {377 -386}, publisher = {American Society of Agricultural Engineers}, organization = {American Society of Agricultural Engineers}, address = {St.Joseph, MI}, abstract = {

Participation by hydrologists in this project were merely in an advisory capacity until 1985. Since that time, participation has been limited to about 0.4 scientist-year per year and much of that time has been spent in design of measurement and sampling systems, calibration of flumes, and data reduction and interpretation. A recently completed MS thesis \"Computer Modeling of Water Yield from Kings Creek Watershed\" (Bartlett, 1988) represents the first attempt to model the hydrology of KPRNA. The results of parts of that work are summarized herein. The objectives were to (1) build a model specifically designed for the Kings Creek watershed; (2) to develop a climatological data set to calibrate this model; (3) to predict the runoff and percolation volumes for the subplots of the watershed; (4) to predict the streamflow in Kings Creek; and (5) to predict the long-term water yield for the watershed

}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ}, author = {Koelliker, J.K.} } @inbook {KNZ00122, title = {Notes about sediment in a tallgrass prairie (Konza Prairie site)}, booktitle = {Sediment Movement at LTER sites: Mechanics, Measurements, and Integration with Hydrology}, year = {1986}, pages = {35 -38}, publisher = {State Water Survey Contract Report 387}, organization = {State Water Survey Contract Report 387}, address = {Champaign,IL}, abstract = {

The Konza Prairie Research Natural Area (KPNRA) is an 8616-acre tract of native tallgrass prairie set aside for ecological research purposes and administered by the Division of Biology at Kansas State University in Manhattan. It is one of the eleven Long-Term Ecological Research sites (LTER) funded by the National Science Foundation. It was acquired by The Nature Conservancy in 1971 and 1977. The research objectives of KPRNA are to evaluate the roles of fire and grazing by native ungulates (bison, elk, and pronghorn antelope) in maintaining the tallgrass prairie ecosystem, through a variety of short- and long-term research projects. The KPRNA management plan includes an array of watersheds upon which is imposed a schedule of prescribed burning at intervals of 1, 2, 4, and 10 years. There are other watersheds that are left unburned, some that are burned in an alternating cycle (3 years burned and 3 left unburned), and some areas that are burned only in years following years with precipitation grater than 1.2 times normal. Native ungulates will be introduced in the near future

}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ, tallgrass prairie}, author = {Koelliker, J.K.} } @inbook {KNZ0092, title = {Watershed research at Konza-tallgrass prairie}, booktitle = {Hydraulics and Hydrology in the Small Computer Age Vol.1}, year = {1985}, pages = {862 -867}, publisher = {American Society of Civil Engineers}, organization = {American Society of Civil Engineers}, address = {New York, NY}, abstract = {

The Konza Prairie Research Natural Area is the only tallgrass prairie site in the network of Long-Term Ecological Research sites. Watershed research at Konza is designed to assist in increasing the understanding of water and nutrient cycling in the ecosystem and evaluating the role of fire and grazing on the maintenance of the ecosystem. Brief descriptions of the hydrology, instrumentation, and short- term results are presented

}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ, tallgrass prairie}, author = {Koelliker, J.K. and Gurtz, M.E. and Marzolf, G.R.}, editor = {Waldrop, W.R.} }