@article {KNZ001534,
	title = {Spatial connectedness of plant species: potential links for apparent competition via plant diseases},
	journal = {Plant Pathology},
	volume = {62},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {1195 -1428},
	abstract = {<p>This study evaluated the reactions of seven common C4 grasses of the tallgrass prairie of the USA Great Plains to the economically important wheat pathogens Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) isolated from wheat. The P. tritici-repentis isolates (race 1) were pathogenic on all grasses tested, but symptom severity was markedly low. Three of the grass species inoculated with Ggt were highly susceptible, while four species exhibited no symptoms. Because measures of connectedness can provide a proxy for population processes, connectedness was evaluated within and among the seven grass species in representative tallgrass prairie environments for all potential pathogen-sharing patterns. Andropogon gerardii was ubiquitous, so all plant species were well connected to it. Andropogon scoparius (= Schizachyrium scoparium), Sorghastrum nutans and Panicum virgatum were fairly common but specialized to particular environments. Bouteloua curtipendula was uncommon but occurred in all environments, while Buchlo{\"e} dactyloides and Bouteloua gracilis were uncommon and only occurred in upland sites. Co-occurrence of plant species was generally not reciprocal in that, for many species pairs, species A rarely occurred without potential exposure to inoculum from species B, while species B commonly occurred without species A. The three grass species susceptible to Ggt may act as sources of inoculum for each other within tallgrass prairie, with the potential to influence fitness, and tallgrass prairie and commercial wheat ecosystems in the Great Plains also have the potential to share both pathogens.</p>},
	keywords = {LTER-KNZ, agriculture{\textendash}wildlands interface, biofuel crops, graph theory, networks, pathogen spill-over, switchgrass},
	doi = {10.1111/ppa.12045},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ppa.12045},
	author = {Cox, C.M. and Bockus, W.W. and Holt, R.D. and Fang, L. and Garrett, K.A.}
}
@article {KNZ00963,
	title = {Competition, facilitation, and niche differentiation in two foliar pathogens},
	journal = {Oecologia},
	volume = {143},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {449 -457},
	abstract = {We studied competition between the obligate biotroph Puccinia triticina (designated here as Puccinia) and the facultative saprophyte Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (designated here as Pyrenophora) in older and younger leaves in a set of three host genotypes selected to be resistant to Puccinia only, Pyrenophora only, or neither. Age-related resistance is important for both of these pathogens. The facultative saprophyte Pyrenophora was generally a stronger competitor than the biotrophic Puccinia, even experiencing facilitation from the presence of Puccinia when Pyrenophora had the advantage of earlier inoculation. Both pathogen species produced the most spores when they were introduced before the competing species and more spores when introduced simultaneously compared to after the competitor. The pre-interactive niche of Puccinia was larger than the post-interactive niche and sporulation by Puccinia was substantially reduced in environments in which Pyrenophora had high sporulation rates. The pre-interactive niche of Pyrenophora was similar to the post-interactive niche and Pyrenophora had proportionally lower reductions in sporulation due to interspecific competition in the pre-interactive niche.},
	keywords = {LTER-KNZ, Facultative saprophytes, Impact niche, Obligate parasites, Requirement niche, Rust fungi},
	doi = {10.1007/s00442-004-1814-x},
	author = {Al-Naimi, F. and Garrett, K.A. and Bockus, W.W.}
}
