@article {KNZ001498,
	title = {Long-term ecological research in a human-dominated world},
	journal = {BioScience},
	volume = {62},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {342 -353},
	abstract = {<p>The US Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network enters its fourth decade with a distinguished record of achievement in ecological science. The value of long-term observations and experiments has never been more important for testing ecological theory and for addressing today\&$\#$39;s most difficult environmental challenges. The network\&$\#$39;s potential for tackling emergent continent-scale questions such as cryosphere loss and landscape change is becoming increasingly apparent on the basis of a capacity to combine long-term observations and experimental results with new observatory-based measurements, to study socioecological systems, to advance the use of environmental cyberinfrastructure, to promote environmental science literacy, and to engage with decisionmakers in framing major directions for research. The long-term context of network science, from understanding the past to forecasting the future, provides a valuable perspective for helping to solve many of the crucial environmental problems facing society today.</p>},
	keywords = {LTER-KNZ, coupled natural{\textendash}human systems, cyberinfrastructure, environmental education, environmental observatories, socioecological systems},
	doi = {10.1525/bio.2012.62.4.6},
	url = {https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/62/4/342/243601},
	author = {Robertson, G.P. and Scott. L. Collins and D.R. Foster and Brokaw, N. and Ducklow, H.W. and Gragson, T.L. and Gries, C. and Hamilton, S.K. and McGuire, A.D. and Moore, J.C. and Stanley, E.H. and Waide, R.B. and Williams, M.W.}
}
@article {KNZ001454,
	title = {An integrated conceptual framework for long-term social-ecological research},
	journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {351 -357},
	abstract = {<p>The global reach of human activities affects all natural ecosystems, so that the environment is best viewed as a social\&ndash;ecological system. Consequently, a more integrative approach to environmental science, one that bridges the biophysical and social domains, is sorely needed. Although models and frameworks for social\&ndash;ecological systems exist, few are explicitly designed to guide a long-term interdisciplinary research program. Here, we present an iterative framework, \&ldquo;Press\&ndash;Pulse Dynamics\&rdquo; (PPD), that integrates the biophysical and social sciences through an understanding of how human behaviors affect \&ldquo;press\&rdquo; and \&ldquo;pulse\&rdquo; dynamics and ecosystem processes. Such dynamics and processes, in turn, influence ecosystem services \&ndash;thereby altering human behaviors and initiating feedbacks that impact the original dynamics and processes. We believe that research guided by the PPD framework will lead to a more thorough understanding of social\&ndash;ecological systems and generate the knowledge needed to address pervasive environmental problems.</p>},
	keywords = {LTER-KNZ},
	doi = {10.1890/100068},
	url = {https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1890/100068},
	author = {Scott. L. Collins and Carpenter, S.R. and Swinton, S.M. and Orenstein, D.E. and Childers, D.L. and Gragson, T.L. and Grimm, N.B. and Grove, J.M. and Harlan, S.L. and Kaye, J.P. and Alan K. Knapp and Kofinas, G.P. and Magnuson, J.J. and W.H. McDowell and Melack, J.M. and Ogden, L.A. and Robertson, G.R. and M.D. Smith and Whitmer, A.C.}
}
