@article {KNZ00731,
	title = {Quantification of the nitrogen cycle in a prairie stream},
	journal = {Ecosystems},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {574 -589},
	abstract = {Nitrogen (N) was added for 35 days in the form of 15NH4Cl to Kings Creek on Konza Prairie, Kansas. Standing stocks of N in key compartments (that is, nutrients, detritus, organisms) were quantified, and the amount of labeled N entering the compartments was analyzed. These data were used to calculate turnover and flux rates of N cycling through the food web, as well as nutrient transformation rates. Inorganic N pools turned over much more rapidly in the water column of this stream than in pelagic systems where comparable measurements have been made. As with other systems, the mass of ammonium was low but it was the key compartment mediating nutrient flux through the ecosystem, whereas dissolved organic N, the primary component of N flux through the system, is not actively cycled. Nitrification was also a significant flux of N in the stream, with rates in the water column and surface of benthos accounting for approximately 10\% of the total ammonium uptake. Primary consumers assimilated 67\% of the inorganic N that entered benthic algae and microbes. Predators acquired 23\% of the N that consumers obtained. Invertebrate collectors, omnivorous crayfish (Orconectes spp.), and invertebrate shredders dominated the N flux associated with primary consumers. Mass balance calculations indicated that at least 23\% of the 309 mg of 15N added during the 35 days of release was retained within the 210-m stream reach during the release. Overall, the rates of turnover of N in organisms and organic substrata were significantly greater when C:N was low. This ratio may be a surrogate for biological activity with regard to N flux in streams.},
	keywords = {LTER-KNZ, aquatic insects, C:N ratio, nitrogen cycle, nitrogen export, stream, Trophic structure},
	doi = {10.1007/s100210000050},
	author = {W. K. Dodds and Evans-White, M.A. and N.M. Gerlanc and Gray, L. and Gudder, D.A. and Kemp, M.J. and Lo{\textquoteright}pez, A.L. and Stagliano, D. and Strauss, E. and Tank, J.L. and M.R. Whiles and Wollheim, W.}
}
@article {KNZ00535,
	title = {The relationship of floods, drying, flow and light to primary production and producer biomass in a prairie stream},
	journal = {Hydrobiologia},
	volume = {333},
	year = {1996},
	pages = {151 -159},
	abstract = {Factors related to autochthonous production were investigated at several sites along a prairie stream at Konza Prairie Research Natural Area. Primary production, algal biomass, litter input, and ability of floods to move native substrate were measured. Additional experiments were conducted to establish the influence of light and water velocity on primary production rates and recovery of biomass following dry periods. The study period encompassed two extreme (> 50 year calculated return time) floods, thus we were able to analyze the effects of scour on periphyton biomass and productivity. Biomass of sedimentary algae was reduced greatly by flooding and did not reach preflood amounts during the 2 months following the first flood. Rates of primary production associated with sediments recovered to levels above preflood rates within 2 weeks. Biomass of epilithic periphyton was not affected as severely as that of sedimentary algae. Little relationship was observed between water velocity and photosythetic rates. Production reached maximum rates at 25\% of full sun light. Epilithic chlorophyll levels recovered within eight days following a dry period, and chl a was an order of magnitude greater on rocks than sediments 51 days after re-wetting. Estimated annual rates of primary production were 2.6 times greater in the prairie than in the forest reaches of the stream. The ratio of annual autochthonous:allochthonous carbon input was 4.81 for prairie and 0.32 for the forest. Periphyton production in prairie streams is resilient with regard to flooding and drought and represents a primary carbon source for the system.},
	keywords = {LTER-KNZ, autochthonous, Flood, light, periphyton, Primary production, water velocity},
	doi = {10.1007/BF00013429},
	author = {W. K. Dodds and Hutson, R.E. and Eichem, A.C. and Evans, M.E. and Gudder, D.A. and Fritz, K.M. and Gray, L.}
}
