01921nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245005800055210005800113300001200171490000600183520127600189653002001465653001301485653001001498653001401508653001501522653001401537100001601551700001901567700001901586856008601605       2015                        eng d  a1934-525900aBreeding system and sex ratio variation in mulberries0 aBreeding system and sex ratio variation in mulberries  a383-3950 v93 aFlowering plants exhibit a diverse array of sex expression patterns that become of particular interest when considered in the context of coexisting native-invasive congeners. This study presents findings on sex expression and sex ratio variation in two congeneric tree species, the native Morus rubra and the exotic M. alba, in the Flint Hills region of the Great Plains in the United States. Both species exhibited a subdioecious breeding system (with male, female and hermaphrodite individuals co-occurring within populations), and significantly male-biased sex ratios (i.e., males are more numerous than females). Cumulative sex ratio deviation was higher in the native M. rubra populations than in the exotic M. alba. Within-species sex ratio did not vary significantly among populations. In one focus study area surveyed over three years, most individuals were consistent in sex expression, but approximately 10% switched their sex at least once; the vast majority of these changes were between unisexual and hermaphrodite morphs. There was no size dependence of sex expression based on current sampling. Our results document subdioecy as the breeding system in these Morus species, and advance the group as an interesting study system for its reproductive biology. 10aBreeding system10aMoraceae10aMorus10asex ratio10asex switch10asubdioecy1 aNepal, M.P.1 aFerguson, C.J.1 aMayfield, M.H.  uhttp://knz.lternet.edu/content/breeding-system-and-sex-ratio-variation-mulberries02167nas a2200205   4500008004100000245008400041210006900125300001300194490000700207520146400214653000801678653001301686653001101699653001001710653001401720653001401734100001601748700001901764856017801783       2012                        eng d00aPhylogenetics of Morus (Moraceae) inferred from ITS and trnL-trnF sequence data0 aPhylogenetics of Morus Moraceae inferred from ITS and trnLtrnF s  a442 -4500 v373 a<p>Morus (Tribe Moreae, Moraceae) consists of ca. 13 species of trees distributed in Asia, Africa, Europe, and North, Central, and South America. The broad geographical distribution of the genus, overlapping ranges of many taxa, and documented hybridization between some species present interesting questions of taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography. Phylogenetic data for Morus also contribute to higher level taxonomic work in the family. We used sequence data from ITS of the nrDNA and the chloroplast trnL-trnF intergenic spacer to study phylogenetic relationships of Morus. Phylogenies based on separate data sets were not statistically incongruent, and the combined tree reveals that Morus, as currently circumscribed, is non-monophyletic. Subgenus Morus (sensu Leroy) is resolved as a clade and consists of two well-supported clades: one of Asian taxa and one of North American taxa. Sampled members of the genus Trophis (two, including the type) form a clade sister to subgenus Morus. Morus mesozygia (Africa; subgenus Afromorus) and M. insignis (Neotropics; subgenus Gomphomorus), which have not been included to date in other phylogenetic studies of the family, are placed outside the subgenus Morus-Trophis clade. This work is an important step in elucidating relationships of Morus and along with other recent phylogenetic studies in Moraceae, underscores the need for further work within Tribe Moreae to clarify natural generic relationships.</p>10aITS10aMoraceae10aMoreae10aMorus10aphylogeny10atrnL-trnF1 aNepal, M.P.1 aFerguson, C.J.  uhttps://bioone.org/journals/Systematic-Botany/volume-37/issue-2/036364412X635485/Phylogenetics-of-iMorus-i-Moraceae-Inferred-from-ITS-and-itrnL/10.1600/036364412X635485.full02937nas a2200193   4500008004100000245006400041210006100105260004300166490002100209520235000230653003202580653002002612653001302632653001902645653001402664653001402678100001602692856003502708       2008                        eng d00aSystematics and reproductive biology of Morus L. (Moraceae)0 aSystematics and reproductive biology of Morus L Moraceae  aManhattan, KSbKansas State University0 vPhD Dissertation3 a<p>Morus L. (Moraceae) is a temperate and subtropical genus of ten to 15 species distributed in Asia, Africa, Europe, North, Central and South America. Despite its broad distribution and economic importance, it has received little attention from systematic botanists. Two species of this genus, the native M. rubra and the exotic M. alba, co-occur in eastern North America including the Flint Hills region of the Central Plains. In my dissertation research, I have conducted both species level and population level studies to obtain insights into the diversification of Morus. At the species level, my objectives were to re-evaluate the taxonomy and reconstruct the phylogeny of Morus. Based on herbarium and literature study as well as some field study, I recognize 13 species: eight species occurring in Asia, one in Africa and four in the New World. I used sequence data from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA and the trnL-trnF region of the chloroplast DNA to reconstruct the evolutionary history of Morus. The phylogenies were congruent and indicate a) a monophyletic core group of Morus with two well-supported geographical clades (one containing Asian taxa and one of New World taxa); and b) that Morus, as currently circumscribed, is non-monophyletic. At the population level, I studied sex expression pattern variation between the Morus native-exotic pair in the Flint Hills region, and assessed hybridization between these species at Konza Prairie Biological Station (KPBS). Both species are subdioecious, and Flint Hills populations exhibit significantly male-biased sex ratios, with sex expression being size independent. Approximately 10% of individuals of each species changed sex annually. In the population study at KPBS, I applied randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and microsatellites. The Morus species were moderately ([Theta]II = 0.079; RAPD data) to highly differentiated genetically (F[subscript]ST = 0.233; microsatellite data). Analysis of genetic structure suggested interspecific gene flow and indicated the presence of later generation hybrids. The presence of the exotic congener may affect the existence and genetic integrity of the native species. Overall, these studies contribute to our understanding of diversity in this interesting plant study system.</p>10aInterspecific hybridization10aMicrosatellites10aMoraceae10aMorus taxonomy10aphylogeny10asubdioecy1 aNepal, M.P.  uhttp://hdl.handle.net/2097/93700679nas a2200181   4500008004100000245011300041210006900154300001500223490000700238100001600245700001900261700001600280700002000296700001800316700001900334700001900353856012500372       2005                        eng d00aIntroduced  species in Kansas: floristic changes and patterns of collection based  onan historical herbarium0 aIntroduced species in Kansas floristic changes and patterns of c  a1695 -17250 v211 aWoods, T.M.1 aStrakosh, S.C.1 aNepal, M.P.1 aChakrabarti, S.1 aSimpson, N.B.1 aMayfield, M.H.1 aFerguson, C.J.  uhttp://knz.lternet.edu/content/introduced-species-kansas-floristic-changes-and-patterns-collection-based-onan-historical