00513nas a2200133 4500008004100000245008400041210006900125300001300194490000700207100002100214700002000235700002000255856010400275 2008 eng d00aDevelopment of water usage coefficients for the fully-watered tallgrass prairie0 aDevelopment of water usage coefficients for the fullywatered tal a153 -1590 v511 aHutchinson, S.L.1 aKoelliker, J.K.1 aKnapp, Alan, K. uhttp://knz.lternet.edu/content/development-water-usage-coefficients-fully-watered-tallgrass-prairie02606nas a2200253 4500008004100000245009800041210006900139300001100208490000600219520178000225653002402005653001602029653001002045653001402055653001502069653002502084653002302109653002202132653002102154100002002175700001902195700002002214856011802234 2001 eng d00aFrequency and extent of water limitation to primary production in a mesic temperate grassland0 aFrequency and extent of water limitation to primary production i a19 -280 v43 aThe frequency and extent of water limitation to aboveground net primary production (ANPP) in a mesic grassland in NE Kansas (Konza Prairie, USA) was assessed with an 8-year irrigation experiment. Since 1991, transects spanning upland and lowland sites in annually burned, ungrazed tallgrass prairie were provided with supplemental water to satisfy evapotranspirational demands. This protocol minimized water limitations during the growing season, as well as interannual variability in water stress. Irrigation of this mesic grassland increased ANPP in 6 of 8 years by an average of 26% when compared to control transects. Although interannual variation in ANPP was greater in uplands than lowlands at nominal levels of precipitation, reducing interannual variability in water availability via irrigation eliminated topographic differences; the irrigation protocol also reduced interannual variability in ANPP by as much as 40%. The addition of supplemental water enabled us to extend the relationship between annual precipitation and ANPP in grasslands to precipitation levels (average, 1153 mm; maximum, 1346 mm) similar to those experienced by more mesic grasslands that today exist only as remnants several hundred kilometers east of Kansas. This relationship was linear (r 2= 0.81), with maximum ANPP (738 g/m2) similar to values reported for sites in Illinois and Wisconsin. After 8 years of irrigation, production of the C3 forb component was twice that in control sites. These results indicate that water limitations in grasslands at the western edge of the presettlement extent of tallgrass prairie affect ANPP in most years and that this high frequency of water limitation may lead to greater dominance of the C4 grasses than is seen in more eastern grassland sites.10aAndropogon gerardii10aC 4 grasses10aforbs10agrassland10airrigation10aleaf water potential10aPrimary production10atallgrass prairie10awater limitation1 aKnapp, Alan, K.1 aBriggs, J., M.1 aKoelliker, J.K. uhttp://knz.lternet.edu/content/frequency-and-extent-water-limitation-primary-production-mesic-temperate-grassland00617nas a2200205 4500008004100000245003600041210003600077260003800113300001300151653002200164100001500186700002300201700002000224700001800244700002000262700001900282700001900301700002400320856006700344 1998 eng d00aHydrology and aquatic chemistry0 aHydrology and aquatic chemistry aNew YorkbOxford University Press a159 -17610atallgrass prairie1 aGray, L.J.1 aMacpherson, G., L.1 aKoelliker, J.K.1 aDodds, W., K.1 aKnapp, Alan, K.1 aBriggs, J., M.1 aHartnett, D.C.1 aCollins, Scott., L. uhttp://knz.lternet.edu/content/hydrology-and-aquatic-chemistry02129nas a2200193 4500008004100000245005700041210005700098300001300155490000700168520154600175653002201721100001801743700002001761700001801781700002001799700001801819700001501837856008301852 1996 eng d00aNitrogen transport from tallgrass prairie watersheds0 aNitrogen transport from tallgrass prairie watersheds a973 -9810 v253 aDischarge and N content of surface water flowing from four Karst watersheds on Konza Prairie Research Natural Area, Kansas, managed with different burn frequencies, were monitored from 1986 to 1992. The goal was to establish the influence of natural processes (climate, fire, and bison grazing) on N transport and concentration in streams. Streams were characterized by variable flow, under conditions that included an extreme flood and a drought during which all channels were dry for over a year. The estimated groundwater/stream water discharge ratio varied between 0.15 to 6.41. Annual N transport by streams, averaged across all watersheds and years, was 0.16 kg N ha−1 yr−1. Annual N transport per unit area also increased as the watershed area increased and as precipitation increased. Total annual transport of N from the prairie via streams ranged from 0.01 to 6.0% of the N input from precipitation. Nitrate and total N concentrations in surface water decreased (P < 0.001, r values ranged from 0.14–0.26) as length of time since last fire increased. Increased watershed area was correlated negatively (P < 0.0001) to stream water concentrations of NO−3N and total N (r values = −0.43 and −0.20, respectively). Low N concentration is typical of these streams, with NH+4-N concentrations below 1.0 µg L−1, NO−3-N ranging from below 1.4 to 392 µg L−1, and total N from 3.0 to 714 µg L−1. These data provide an important baseline for evaluating N transport and stream water quality from unfertilized grasslands.10atallgrass prairie1 aDodds, W., K.1 aBlair, John, M.1 aHenebry, G.M.1 aKoelliker, J.K.1 aRamundo, R.A.1 aTate, C.M. uhttp://knz.lternet.edu/content/nitrogen-transport-tallgrass-prairie-watersheds00691nas a2200193 4500008004100000245010700041210006900148300001300217653002000230100002000250700002000270700002100290700001900311700001800330700001600348700001800364700001400382856010100396 1994 eng d00aWater relations and biomass responses to irrigation across a topographic gradient in tallgrass prairie0 aWater relations and biomass responses to irrigation across a top a215 -22010aWater relations1 aKnapp, Alan, K.1 aKoelliker, J.K.1 aFahnestock, J.T.1 aBriggs, J., M.1 aWickett, R.G.1 aLewis, P.D.1 aWoodliffe, A.1 aPratt, P. uhttp://images.library.wisc.edu/EcoNatRes/EFacs/NAPC/NAPC13/reference/econatres.napc13.aknapp.pdf01471nas a2200121 4500008004100000245009700041210006900138260006200207300001300269520092900282100002001211856011801231 1988 eng d00aConsiderations in modeling the hydrology of Konza Prairie long-term ecological research site0 aConsiderations in modeling the hydrology of Konza Prairie longte aSt.Joseph, MIbAmerican Society of Agricultural Engineers a377 -3863 a

Participation by hydrologists in this project were merely in an advisory capacity until 1985. Since that time, participation has been limited to about 0.4 scientist-year per year and much of that time has been spent in design of measurement and sampling systems, calibration of flumes, and data reduction and interpretation. A recently completed MS thesis "Computer Modeling of Water Yield from Kings Creek Watershed" (Bartlett, 1988) represents the first attempt to model the hydrology of KPRNA. The results of parts of that work are summarized herein. The objectives were to (1) build a model specifically designed for the Kings Creek watershed; (2) to develop a climatological data set to calibrate this model; (3) to predict the runoff and percolation volumes for the subplots of the watershed; (4) to predict the streamflow in Kings Creek; and (5) to predict the long-term water yield for the watershed

1 aKoelliker, J.K. uhttp://knz.lternet.edu/content/considerations-modeling-hydrology-konza-prairie-long-term-ecological-research-site01617nas a2200133 4500008004100000245006900041210006700110260005700177300001100234520110300245653002201348100002001370856009301390 1986 eng d00aNotes about sediment in a tallgrass prairie (Konza Prairie site)0 aNotes about sediment in a tallgrass prairie Konza Prairie site aChampaign,ILbState Water Survey Contract Report 387 a35 -383 a

The Konza Prairie Research Natural Area (KPNRA) is an 8616-acre tract of native tallgrass prairie set aside for ecological research purposes and administered by the Division of Biology at Kansas State University in Manhattan. It is one of the eleven Long-Term Ecological Research sites (LTER) funded by the National Science Foundation. It was acquired by The Nature Conservancy in 1971 and 1977. The research objectives of KPRNA are to evaluate the roles of fire and grazing by native ungulates (bison, elk, and pronghorn antelope) in maintaining the tallgrass prairie ecosystem, through a variety of short- and long-term research projects. The KPRNA management plan includes an array of watersheds upon which is imposed a schedule of prescribed burning at intervals of 1, 2, 4, and 10 years. There are other watersheds that are left unburned, some that are burned in an alternating cycle (3 years burned and 3 left unburned), and some areas that are burned only in years following years with precipitation grater than 1.2 times normal. Native ungulates will be introduced in the near future

10atallgrass prairie1 aKoelliker, J.K. uhttp://knz.lternet.edu/content/notes-about-sediment-tallgrass-prairie-konza-prairie-site00992nas a2200169 4500008004100000245005000041210004900091260005400140300001300194520044300207653002200650100002000672700001600692700001800708700001800726856007800744 1985 eng d00aWatershed research at Konza-tallgrass prairie0 aWatershed research at Konzatallgrass prairie aNew York, NYbAmerican Society of Civil Engineers a862 -8673 a

The Konza Prairie Research Natural Area is the only tallgrass prairie site in the network of Long-Term Ecological Research sites. Watershed research at Konza is designed to assist in increasing the understanding of water and nutrient cycling in the ecosystem and evaluating the role of fire and grazing on the maintenance of the ecosystem. Brief descriptions of the hydrology, instrumentation, and short- term results are presented

10atallgrass prairie1 aKoelliker, J.K.1 aGurtz, M.E.1 aMarzolf, G.R.1 aWaldrop, W.R. uhttp://knz.lternet.edu/content/watershed-research-konza-tallgrass-prairie