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Smith MD, Wilkins KD, Holdrege MC, et al. Extreme drought impacts have been underestimated in grasslands and shrublands globally. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2024;121(4):e230988112. doi:10.1073/pnas.2309881120.

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Gray JE, Smith MD. Contrasting intra?annual population dynamics of two codominant species are consistent across spatial and temporal scales. Journal of Ecology. 2023;111(3):676-686. doi:10.1111/1365-2745.14055.

Koerner SE, Avolio ML, Blair JM, Knapp AK, Smith MD. Multiple global change drivers show independent, not interactive effects: a long-term case study in tallgrass prairie. Oecologia. 2023;201(1):143?154. doi:10.1007/s00442-022-05295-5.

Slette IJ, Hoover DL, Smith MD, Knapp AK. Repeated extreme droughts decrease root production, but not the potential for post?drought recovery of root production, in a mesic grassland. Oikos. 2023;1:e08899. doi:10.1111/oik.08899.

Griffin-Nolan RJ, Felton AJ, Slette IJ, Smith MD, Knapp AK. Traits that distinguish dominant species across aridity gradients differ from those that respond to soil moisture. Oecologia. 2023;201(2):311 - 322. doi:10.1007/s00442-023-05315-y.

Broderick CM, Wilkins K, Smith MD, Blair JM. Climate legacies determine grassland responses to future rainfall regimes. Global Change Biology. 2022;28(8):2639-2656. doi:10.1111/gcb.16084.

Gray JE. Defining, describing, and assessing growth determinacy as a mechanism of plant species codominance.  2022;PhD Dissertation. Available at: https://api.mountainscholar.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/e9229126-0255-4b7d-aa9b-e1b3bedfc593/content.

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Vilonen LL, Blair JM, Trivedi P, Zeglin LH, Smith MD. Limited legacy effects of extreme multiyear drought on carbon and nitrogen cycling in a mesic grassland. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene. 2022;10(1):000093. doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.000093.

Ratajczak Z, Collins SL, Blair JM, et al. Reintroducing bison results in long-running and resilient increases in grassland diversity. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 2022;119(36):e2210433119. doi:10.1073/pnas.2210433119.

Ross M. Response and recovery of grassland plant communities exposed to multiyear drought differs across a precipitation gradient.  2022;MS Thesis. Available at: https://api.mountainscholar.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/d7eb2bdf-6570-4232-abc4-8229e1c8f835/content.

Slette IJ, Blair JM, Fay PA, Smith MD, Knapp AK. Effects of compounded precipitation pattern intensification and drought occur belowground in a mesic grassland. Ecosystems. 2021. doi:10.1007/s10021-021-00714-9.

Lagueux D, Jumpponen A, Porras-Alfaro A, et al. Experimental drought re?ordered assemblages of root?associated fungi across North American grasslands. Journal of Ecology. 2021;109(2):776 - 792. doi:10.1111/1365-2745.13505.

Felton AJ, Knapp AK, Smith MD. Precipitation?productivity relationships and the duration of precipitation anomalies: An underappreciated dimension of climate change. Global Change Biology. 2021;27(6):1127 - 1140. doi:10.1111/gcb.15480.

Chaves FA, Smith MD. Resources do not limit compensatory response of a tallgrass prairie plant community to the loss of a dominant species. Journal of Ecology. 2021;109(10):3617-3633. doi:10.1111/1365-2745.13741.

Yahdjian L, Sala OE, PiÑEiro-Guerra JManuel, et al. Why coordinated distributed experiments should go global. BioScience. 2021;71(9):918 - 927. doi:10.1093/biosci/biab033.

Smith MD, Koerner SE, Knapp AK, et al. Mass ratio effects underlie ecosystem responses to environmental change. Journal of Ecology. 2020;108(3):855-864. doi:10.1111/1365-2745.13330.

Felton AJ, Slette IJ, Smith MD, Knapp AK. Precipitation amount and event size interact to reduce ecosystem functioning during dry years in a mesic grassland. Global Change Biology. 2020;26(2):658-668. doi:10.1111/gcb.14789.

Avolio ML, Carroll I, Collins SL, et al. A comprehensive approach to analyzing community dynamics using rank abundance curves. Ecosphere. 2019;10(10):e02881. doi:10.1002/ecs2.2881.

Avolio ML, Forrestel EJ, Chang CC, La Pierre KJ, Burghardt KT, Smith MD. Demystifying dominant species. New Phytologist. 2019;223(3):1106 - 1126. doi:10.1111/nph.15789.

Komatsu KJ, Avolio ML, Lemoine NP, et al. Global change effects on plant communities are magnified by time and the number of global change factors imposed. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2019;116(36):17867-17873. doi:10.1073/pnas.1819027116.

Slette IJ, Post AK, Awad M, et al. How ecologists define drought, and why we should do better. Global Change Biology. 2019;25(10):3193 - 3200. doi:10.1111/gcb.14747.

Griffin-Nolan RJ, Blumenthal DM, Collins SL, et al. Shifts in plant functional composition following long-term drought in grasslands. Jones H. Journal of Ecology. 2019;107(5):2133 - 2148. doi:10.1111/1365-2745.13252.

Langley A, Chapman SK, La Pierre KJ, et al. Ambient changes exceed treatment effects on plant species abundance in long-term global change experiments. Glob Chang Biol. 2018;24(12):5668 - 5679. doi:10.1111/gcb.14442.

Wu D, Ciais P, Viovy N, et al. Asymmetric responses of primary productivity to altered precipitation simulated by ecosystem models across three long-term grassland sites. Biogeosciences. 2018;15(11):3421 - 3437. doi:10.5194/bg-15-3421-2018.

Felton AJ, Knapp AK, Smith MD. Carbon exchange responses of a mesic grassland to an extreme gradient of precipitation. Oecologia. 2018:1 -12. doi:10.1007/s00442-018-4284-2.

Koerner SE, Smith MD, Burkepile DE, et al. Change in dominance determines herbivore effects on plant biodiversity. Nature Ecology and Evolution. 2018;2:1925-1932. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0696-y.

Hoffman AM, Avolio ML, Knapp AK, Smith MD. Codominant grasses differ in gene expression under experimental climate extremes in native tallgrass prairie. PeerJ. 2018:e4394. doi:https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4394.

Ochoa-Hueso R, Collins SL, Delgado-Baquerizo M, et al. Drought consistently alters the composition of soil fungal and bacterial communities in grasslands from two continents. Global Change Biology. 2018;24(7):2818 - 2827. doi:10.1111/gcb.2018.24.issue-710.1111/gcb.14113.

Hoffman AM, Smith MD. Gene expression differs in codominant prairie grasses under drought. Molecular Ecology Resources. 2018;18(2):334-346. doi:10.1111/1755-0998.12733.

Griffin-Nolan RJ, Carroll CJW, Denton EM, et al. Legacy effects of a regional drought on aboveground net primary production in six central US grasslands. Plant Ecology. 2018;219(5):505 - 515. doi:10.1007/s11258-018-0813-7.

Avolio ML, Hoffman AM, Smith MD. Linking gene regulation, physiology, and plant biomass allocation in Andropogon gerardii in response to drought. Plant Ecology. 2018;219(1):1 - 15. doi:10.1007/s11258-017-0773-3.

Haëntjens E, De Boeck HJ, Lemoine NP, et al. Mean annual precipitation predicts primary production resistance and resilience to extreme drought. Science of The Total Environment. 2018;636:360 - 366. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.290.

Knapp AK, Carroll CJW, Griffin-Nolan RJ, et al. A reality check for climate change experiments: Do they reflect the real world?. Ecology. 2018;99(10):2145-2151. doi:10.1002/ecy.2474.

Smith MD, Wilcox KR, Power SA, Tissue DT, Knapp AK. Assessing community and ecosystem sensitivity to climate change - toward a more comparative approach. Journal of Vegetation Science. 2017;28(2):235 - 237. doi:10.1111/jvs.12524.

Wilcox KR, Shi Z, Gherardi LA, et al. Asymmetric responses of primary productivity to precipitation extremes: A synthesis of grassland precipitation manipulation experiments. Global Change Biology. 2017;23(10). doi:10.1111/gcb.13706.

Wilcox KR, Tredennick AT, Koerner SE, et al. Asynchrony among local communities stabilises ecosystem function of metacommunities. Gurevitch J. Ecology Letters. 2017. doi:10.1111/ele.12861.

Gray JE. Climate change impacts on population dynamics in tallgrass prairie: implications for species codominance.  2017;MS Thesis. Available at: https://mountainscholar.org/handle/10217/181431.

Forrestel EJ, Donoghue MJ, Edwards EJ, Jetz W, Toit JCO du, Smith MD. Different clades and traits yield similar grassland functional responses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2017;114(4):705 - 710. doi:10.1073/pnas.1612909114.

Denton EM, Dietrich JD, Smith MD, Knapp AK. Drought timing differentially affects above- and belowground productivity in a mesic grassland. Plant Ecology. 2017;218(3):317 - 328. doi:10.1007/s11258-016-0690-x.

Hoover DL, Knapp AK, Smith MD. Photosynthetic responses of a dominant C4 grass to an experimental heat wave are mediated by soil moisture. Oecologia. 2017;183(1):303-313. doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3755-6.

Lemoine NP, Dietrich JD, Smith MD. Precipitation and environmental constraints on three aspects of flowering in three dominant tallgrass species. Functional Ecology. 2017. doi:10.1111/1365-2435.12904.

Rode M, Lemoine NP, Smith MD. Prospective evidence for independent nitrogen and phosphorus limitation of grasshopper (Chorthippus curtipennis) growth in a tallgrass prairie. PLoS One. 2017;12(5):e0177754. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0177754.

Knapp AK, Avolio ML, Beier C, et al. Pushing precipitation to the extremes in distributed experiments: recommendations for simulating wet and dry years. Global Change Biology. 2017;23(5):1774-1782. doi:10.1111/gcb.13504.

Knapp AK, Ciais P, Smith MD. Reconciling inconsistencies in precipitation? productivity relationships: implications for climate change. New Phytologist. 2017;214(1):41-47. doi:10.1111/nph.14381.

Jones SK, Collins SL, Blair JM, Smith MD, Knapp AK. Altered rainfall patterns increase forb abundance and richness in native tallgrass prairie. Scientific Reports. 2016;(1). doi:10.1038/srep20120.

Wilcox KR, Blair JM, Smith MD, Knapp AK. Does ecosystem sensitivity to precipitation at the site-level conform to regional-scale predictions?. Ecology. 2016;97:561-568. doi:10.1890/15-1437.1.

La Pierre KJ, Blumenthal DM, Brown CS, Klein JA, Smith MD. Drivers of variation in aboveground net primary productivity and plant community composition differ across a broad precipitation gradient. Ecosystems. 2016;19(3):521-533. doi:10.1007/s10021-015-9949-7.

Dietrich JD, Smith MD. The effect of timing of growing season drought on flowering of a dominant C4 grass. Oecologia. 2016;181(2):391 - 399. doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3579-4.

Smith MD, Hoffman AM, Avolio ML. Gene expression patterns of two dominant tallgrass prairie species differ in response to warming and altered precipitation. Scientific Reports. 2016;6:25522. doi:10.1038/srep25522.

Hoover DL, Knapp AK, Smith MD. The immediate and prolonged effects of climate extremes on soil respiration in a mesic grassland. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 2016;121(4):1034 - 1044. doi:10.1002/2015JG003256.

Grace JB, Anderson TM, Seabloom EW, et al. Integrative modelling reveals mechanisms linking productivity and plant species richness. Nature. 2016;529(7586):390 - 393. doi:10.1038/nature16524.

Koerner SE, Avolio ML, La Pierre KJ, Wilcox KR, Smith MD, Collins SL. Nutrient additions cause divergence of tallgrass prairie plant communities resulting in loss of ecosystem stability. Journal of Ecology. 2016;104:1478-1487. doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12610.

Breshears DD, Knapp AK, Law DJ, Smith MD, Twidwell D, Wonkka CL. Rangeland responses to predicted increases in drought extremity. Rangelands . 2016;38:191-196. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rala.2016.06.009.

Smith MD, Knapp AK, Collins SL, et al. Shared drivers but divergent ecological responses: Insights from long-term experiments in mesic savanna grasslands. BioScience. 2016;66(8):666 - 682. doi:10.1093/biosci/biw077.

La Pierre KJ, Smith MD. Soil nutrient additions increase invertebrate herbivore abundances, but not herbivory, across three grassland systems. Oecologia. 2016;180(2):485 -497. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-015-3471-7.

Knapp AK, Hoover DL, Wilcox KR, et al. Characterizing differences in precipitation regimes of extreme wet and dry years: Implications for climate change experiments. Global Change Biology. 2015;21:2624 -2633. doi:10.1111/gcb.12888.

Knapp AK, Carroll CJW, Denton EM, La Pierre KJ, Collins SL, Smith MD. Differential sensitivity to regional-scale drought in six central US grasslands. Oecologia. 2015;177:949 -957. doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3233-6.

Avolio ML, Chang CC, Weis JJ, Smith MD. The effects of genotype richness and genomic dissimilarity of Andropogon gerardii on invasion resistance and productivity. Plant Ecology and Diversity. 2015;8:61 -71. doi:10.1080/17550874.2013.866990.

Forrestel EJ, Donoghue MJ, Smith MD. Functional differences between dominant grasses drive divergent responses to large herbivore loss in mesic savanna grasslands of North America and South Africa. Journal of Ecology. 2015;103:714 -724. doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12376.

La Pierre KJ, Smith MD. Functional trait expression of grassland species shift with short- and long-term nutrient additions. Plant Ecology. 2015;216:307 -318. doi:10.1007/s11258-014-0438-4.

Smith MD, La Pierre KJ, Collins SL, et al. Global environmental change and the nature of aboveground net primary productivity responses: insights from long-term experiments. Oecologia. 2015;177(4):935 - 947. doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3230-9.

Koerner SE, Avolio ML, Chang CC, Grey J, Hoover DL, Smith MD. Invasibility of a mesic grassland depends on the time-scale of fluctuating resources. Journal of Ecology. 2015;103(6):1538 - 1546. doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12479.

La Pierre KJ, Joern A, Smith MD. Invertebrate, not small vertebrate, herbivory interacts with nutrient availability to impact tallgrass prairie community composition and forb biomass. Oikos. 2015;124:842 -850. doi:10.1111/oik.01869.

Yu Q, Wilcox KR, La Pierre KJ, Knapp AK, Han X, Smith MD. Stoichiometric homeostasis predicts plant species dominance, temporal stability and responses to global change. Ecology. 2015;96(9):2335. doi:10.1890/14-1897.1.

Avolio ML, Koerner SE, La Pierre KJ, et al. Changes in plant community composition, not diversity, during a decade of nitrogen and phosphorus additions drive above-ground productivity in a tallgrass prairie. Journal of Ecology. 2014;102:1649 -1660. doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12312.

Hoover DL, Smith MD. Contrasting sensitivities of two dominant C4 grasses to heat waves and drought. Plant Ecology. 2014;215:721 -731. doi:10.1007/s11258-014-0345-8.

Forrestel EJ, Donoghue MJ, Smith MD. Convergent phylogenetic and functional responses to altered fire regimes in mesic savanna grasslands of North America and South Africa. New Phytologist. 2014;203:1000 -1011. doi:10.1111/nph.12846.

Shi Z, Thomey ML, Mowll M, et al. Differential effects of extreme drought on production and respiration: Synthesis and modeling analysis. Biogeosciences. 2014;11:621 -633. doi:10.5194/bg-11-621-2014.

Chang CC, Smith MD. Direct and indirect relationships between genetic diversity of a dominant grass, community diversity and above-ground productivity in tallgrass prairie. Journal of Vegetation Science. 2014;25:470 -480. doi:10.1111/jvs.12108.

Borer ET, Seabloom EW, Gruner DS, et al. Herbivores and nutrients control grassland plant diversity via light limitation. Nature. 2014;508(7497):517 - 520. doi:10.1038/nature13144.

Eby S, Burkepile DE, Fynn RWS, et al. Loss of a large grazer impacts savanna grassland plant communities similarly in North America and South Africa. Oecologia. 2014;175:293 -303. doi:10.1007/s00442-014-2895-9.

Koerner SE, Burkepile DE, Fynn RWS, et al. Plant community response to loss of large herbivores differs between North American and South African savanna grasslands. Ecology. 2014;95:808 -816. doi:10.1890/13-1828.1.

Koerner SE, Collins SL, Blair JM, Knapp AK, Smith MD. Rainfall variability has minimal effects on grassland recovery from repeated grazing. Journal of Vegetation Science. 2014;25:36 -44. doi:10.1111/jvs.12065.

Hoover DL, Knapp AK, Smith MD. Resistance and resilience of a grassland ecosystem to climate extremes. Ecology. 2014;95:2646 -2656. doi:10.1890/13-2186.1.

Chang CC, Smith MD. Resource availability modulates above and belowground competitive interactions between genotypes of a dominant C4 grass. Functional Ecology. 2014;28:1041 -1051. doi:10.1111/1365-2435.12227.

Kirkman K, Collins SL, Smith MD, et al. Responses to fire differ between South African and North American grassland communities. Journal of Vegetation Science. 2014;25:793 -804. doi:10.1111/jvs.12130.

Fraser LH, Henry HA, Carlyle CN, et al. Coordinated distributed experiments: an emerging tool for testing global hypotheses in ecology and environmental science. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 2013;11:147 -155. doi:10.1890/110279.

Avolio ML, Smith MD. Correlations between genetic and species diversity: effects of resource quantity and heterogeneity. Journal of Vegetation Science. 2013;24:1185 -1194. doi:10.1111/jvs.12042.

La Pierre KJ. Drivers of grassland community structure and ecosystem function: the role of biotic factors in determining the ecosystem response to alterations in resource availability.  2013;PhD Dissertation. Available at: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1495948277?pq-origsite=gscholar.

Avolio ML, Beaulieu J, Smith MD. Genetic diversity of a dominant C4 grass is altered with increased precipitation variability. Oecologia. 2013;171:571 -581. doi:10.1007/s00442-012-2427-4.

Chang CC, Smith MD. Genotypic diversity of a dominant C4 grass across a long-term fire frequency gradient. Journal of Plant Ecology. 2013;6:448 -458. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtt006.

Avolio ML, Smith MD. Intra-specific responses of a dominant C4 grass to altered precipitation patterns. Plant Ecology. 2013;214:1377 - 1389. doi:10.1007/s11258-013-0258-y.

Avolio ML, Smith MD. Mechanisms of selection: Phenotypic differences among genotypes explain patterns of selection in a dominant species. Ecology. 2013;94:953 -965. doi:10.1890/12-1119.1.

Seabloom EW, Borer ET, Buckley Y, et al. Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic dominance the real embarrassment of richness?. Global Change Biology. 2013;19(12):3677 - 3687. doi:10.1111/gcb.12370.

Knapp AK, Briggs JM, Smith MD. Community stability does not preclude ecosystem sensitivity to chronic resource alteration. Functional Ecology. 2012;26:1231 -1233. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.02053.x.

Chang CC. Dimensions of diversity and their direct and indirect effects on tallgrass prairie ecosystem functioning.  2012;PhD Dissertation:1 -165. Available at: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1039554547.

Avolio ML. Genetic diversity of Andropogon gerardii: Impacts of altered precipitation patterns on a dominant species.  2012;PhD Dissertation:1 -258. Available at: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1272028956.

Chang CC, Smith MD. Invasion of an intact plant community: the role of population vs. community level diversity. Oecologia. 2012;168:1091 -1102. doi:10.1007/s00442-011-2157-z.

Avolio ML, Beaulieu J, Lo E, Smith MD. Measuring genetic diversity in ecological studies. Plant Ecology. 2012;213:1105 -1115. doi:10.1007/s11258-012-0069-6.

Knapp AK, Smith MD, Hobbie SE, et al. Past, present, and future roles of long-term experiments in the LTER Network. Bioscience. 2012;62:377 -389. doi:10.1525/bio.2012.62.4.9.

Knapp AK, Hoover DL, Blair JM, et al. A test of two mechanisms proposed to optimize grassland aboveground primary productivity in response to grazing. Journal of Plant Ecology. 2012;5:357 -365. doi:10.1093/jpe/rts020.

Avolio ML, Chang CC, Smith MD. Assessing fine-scale genotypic structure of a dominant species in native grasslands. The American Midland Naturalist. 2011;165:211 -224. doi:10.1674/0003-0031-165.2.211.

La Pierre KJ, Yuan SH, Chang CC, et al. Explaining temporal variation in above-ground productivity in a mesic grassland: the role of climate and flowering. Journal of Ecology. 2011;99:1250 -1262. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01844.x.

Collins SL, Carpenter SR, Swinton SM, et al. An integrated conceptual framework for long-term social-ecological research. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 2011;9:351 -357. doi:10.1890/100068.

Fay PA, Blair JM, Smith MD, Nippert JB, Carlisle JD, Knapp AK. Relative effects of precipitation variability and warming on tallgrass prairie ecosystem function. Biogeosciences. 2011;8:3053 -3068. doi:10.5194/bg-8-3053-2011.

Melzer SE, Knapp AK, Fynn RWS, et al. Fire and grazing impacts on silica production and storage in grass dominated ecosystems. Biogeochemistry. 2010;97:263 -278. doi:10.1007/s10533-009-9371-3.

Travers SE, Tang Z, Caragea D, et al. Variation in gene expression of Andropogon gerardii in response to altered environmental conditions associated with climate change. Journal of Ecology. 2010;98:374 -383. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2009.01618.x.

Buis GM, Blair JM, Burkepile DE, et al. Controls of aboveground net primary production in mesic savanna grasslands: An inter-hemispheric comparison. Ecosystems. 2009;12:982 -995. doi:10.1007/s10021-009-9273-1.

Nippert JB, Fay PA, Carlisle JD, Knapp AK, Smith MD. Ecophysiological responses of two dominant grasses to altered temperature and precipitation regimes. Acta Oecologia. 2009;35:400 -408. doi:10.1016/j.actao.2009.01.010.

Smith MD, Knapp AK, Collins SL. A framework for assessing ecosystem dynamics in response to chronic resource alterations induced by global change. Ecology. 2009;90:3279 -3289. doi:10.1890/08-1815.1.

Han X, Dend SP, Garrett KA, Fang L, Smith MD. Comparison of damage to native and exotic tallgrass prairie plants by natural enemies. Plant Ecology. 2008;198:197 -210. doi:10.1007/s11258-008-9395-0.

Knapp AK, Beier C, Briske DD, et al. Consequences of more extreme precipitation regimes for terrestrial ecosystems. BioScience. 2008;58:811 -821. doi:10.1641/B580908.

Knapp AK, McCarron JK, Silletti AM, et al. Ecological consequences of the replacement of native grassland by Juniperus virginiana and other woody plants. In: Van Auken OW Ecological Studies Vol. 196, Western North American Juniperus communities: A dynamic vegetation type. Ecological Studies Vol. 196, Western North American Juniperus communities: A dynamic vegetation type. Springer-Verlag, NY; 2008:156 -169. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-34003-6_8.

Veen GF, Blair JM, Smith MD, Collins SL. Influence of grazing and fire frequency on small-scale plant  community structure and resource variability in native tallgrass  prairie. Oikos. 2008;117:859 -866. doi:10.1111/j.0030-1299.2008.16515.x.

Grace JB, Anderson TM, Smith MD, et al. Does species diversity limitproductivity in natural grassland communities?. Ecology Letters. 2007;10:680 -689. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01058.x.

Travers SE, Smith MD, Bai J, et al. Ecological genomics: making the leap from model systems in the lab to native populations in the field. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 2007;5:19 -24. doi:10.1890/1540-9295(2007)5[19:EGMTLF]2.0.CO;2.

Knapp AK, Burns CE, Fynn RWS, Kirkman KP, Morris CD, Smith MD. Convergence and contingency in production-precipitation relationships in North American and South African C4 grasslands. Oecologia. 2006;149:456 -464. doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0468-2.

Swemmer AM, Knapp AK, Smith MD. Growth responses of twodominant C4 grass species to altered water availability. InternationalJournal of Plant Sciences. 2006;167:1001 -1010. doi:10.1086/505611.

Collins SL, Smith MD. Scale-dependent interaction of fire andgrazing on community heterogeneity in tallgrass prairie. Ecology. 2006;87:2058 -2067. doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2058:SIOFAG]2.0.CO;2.

Carter GA, Knapp AK, Anderson JE, Hoch GA, Smith MD. Indicators of plant species richness in AVIRIS spectra of a mesic grassland. Remote Sensing of Environment. 2005;98:304 -316. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2005.08.001.

Schaefer J, Gido KB, Smith MD. A test for community change using a null model approach. Ecological Applications. 2005;15:1761 -1771. doi:10.1890/04-1490.

Huxman TE, Smith MD, Fay PA, et al. Convergence across biomes to a common rain-use efficiency. Nature. 2004;429:651 -654. doi:10.1038/nature02561.

Smith MD, Wilcox J, Kelly T, Knapp AK. Dominance not diversity determines invasibility of tallgrass prairie. Oikos. 2004;106:253 -262. doi:10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.13057.x.

Knapp AK, Smith MD, Collins SL, et al. Generality in ecology: testing North American grassland rules in South African savannas. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 2004;9:483 -491. doi:10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002[0483:GIETNA]2.0.CO;2.

Cleland EE, Smith MD, Andelman SJ, et al. Invasion in space and time: non-native species richness and relative abundance respond to interannual variation in productivity and diversity. Ecology Letters. 2004;7:947 -957. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00655.x.

Chalcraft DR, Williams JW, Smith MD, Whiles MR. Scale dependence in the relationship between species richness and productivity: the role of spatial and temporal turnover. Ecology. 2004;85:2701 -2708. doi:10.1890/03-0561.

Weltzin JF, Loik ME, Schwinning S, et al. Assessing the response of terrestrial ecosystems to potential changes in precipitation. BioScience. 2003;53:941 -952. doi:doi: 10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0941:ATROTE]2.0.CO;2.

Smith MD, Knapp AK. Dominant species maintain ecosystem function with non-random species loss. Ecology Letters. 2003;6:509 -517. doi:10.1046/j.1461-0248.2003.00454.x.

Smith MD. Causes and consequences of species invasion and loss: the role of dominant species and diversity in maintaining ecosystem function.  2002;PhD Dissertation:1 -148.

Knapp AK, Fay PA, Blair JM, et al. Rainfall variability, carbon cycling and plant species diversity in a mesic grassland. Science. 2002;298:2202 -2205. doi:10.1126/science.1076347.

Wilson GT, Hartnett DC, Smith MD, Kobbeman K. Effects of mycorrhizas on growth and demography of tallgrass prairie forbs. American Journal of Botany. 2001;88:1452 -1457. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21669678.

Grace JB, Smith MD, Grace SL, Collins SL, Stohlgren TJ. Interactions between fire and invasive plants in temperate grasslands of North America. Galley K, Wilson T.  2001:40 -65.

Smith MD, Knapp AK. Physiological and morphological traits of exotic, invasive exotic, and native plant species in tallgrass prairie. International Journal of Plant Sciences. 2001;162:785 -792. doi:10.1086/320774.

Smith MD, Knapp AK. Size of the local species pool determines invasibility of a C4-dominated grassland. Oikos. 2001;92:55 -61. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.920107.x.

Knapp AK, Smith MD. Variation among biomes in temporal dynamics of aboveground primary production. Science. 2001;291:481 -484. doi:10.1126/science.291.5503.481.

Smith MD, Hartnett DC, Rice CW. Effects of long-term fungicide application on microbial processes in tallgrass prairie soils. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 2000;32:935 -946. doi:10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00223-0.

Smith MD, Knapp AK. Exotic plant species in a C4-dominated grassland: Invasibility, disturbance and community structure. Oecologia. 1999;120:605 -612. doi:10.1007/s004420050896.

Smith MD, Hartnett DC, Wilson GT. Interacting influence of mycorrhizal symbiosis and competition on plant diversity in tallgrass prairie. Oecologia. 1999;121:574 -582. doi:10.1007/s004420050964.

Smith MD. The role of mycorrhizae and dominant competitors in tallgrass prairie plant community structure and belowground processes.  1998;MS Thesis:1 -139.