ASD02 Stream discharge measured at the flumes on watershed N04D at Konza Prairie

Summary

Short name: 

ASD02

Abstract: 

Stream discharge is measured on a catchment (N04D), with 4-year fire return interval and grazed by bison since 1992. Measurements are taken at 5 minute intervals at a triangular throated flume. The prairie streams are 3rd-order and are intermittent. Daily and stormflow discharge records are available.

DOI: 10.6073/pasta/c01278aaaac74572ee53a4a6ba3017d3

Published on EDI/LTER Data Portal

Citation Suggestion: 

Dodds, W. K. 2024. ASD02 Stream discharge measured at the flumes on watershed N04D at Konza Prairie . Environmental Data Initiative. http://dx.doi.org/10.6073/pasta/c01278aaaac74572ee53a4a6ba3017d3.

Data set ID: 

7

EML revision ID: 

18

Data sources: 

ASD021.csv

Variables: 

DataCode
  • Label:
  • Definition: Dataset code
  • Type: Nominal
  • Missing values: None specified
RecType
  • Label:
  • Definition: Record type
  • Type: Nominal
  • Missing values: None specified
RecYear
  • Label:
  • Definition: Year of record
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: Year (YYYY)
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: Not specified
  • Missing values: None specified
RecMonth
  • Label:
  • Definition: Month of record
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: dimensionless
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: Not specified
  • Missing values: None specified
RecDay
  • Label:
  • Definition: Day of record
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: dimensionless
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: Not specified
  • Missing values: None specified
Watershed
  • Label:
  • Definition: watershed
  • Type: Nominal
  • Missing values: None specified
DayofYear
  • Label:
  • Definition: Day of the year
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: dimensionless
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: Not specified
  • Missing values: None specified
RecHour
  • Label:
  • Definition: hour (2400 hour format)
  • Type: Date/time
  • Date format: hhmm
  • Missing values:
    • . = Missing value
Discharge
  • Label:
  • Definition: discharge
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: cubicMetersPerSecond
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: Not specified
  • Missing values:
    • . = Missing value
Sheight
  • Label:
  • Definition: stage height in centimeters
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: centimeter
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: 0.01
  • Missing values:
    • . = Missing value
CorrectedSheight
  • Label:
  • Definition: Corrected stage height (see Methods Manual for details)
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: centimeter
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: Not specified
  • Missing values: None specified
Height
  • Label:
  • Definition: manual measurements of stage
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: centimeter
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: 0.01
  • Missing values:
    • . = missing value
LogFlag
  • Label:
  • Definition: flag used to mark times when maintenance was performed (1 = flag;0= no flag, '.' for missing value)
  • Type: Nominal
  • Missing values: None specified
QualFlag
  • Label:
  • Definition: flag used to mark bad data (1 = flag;0= no flag, '.' for missing value)
  • Type: Nominal
  • Missing values: None specified

ASD022.csv

Variables: 

DataCode
  • Label:
  • Definition: Dataset code
  • Type: Nominal
  • Missing values: None specified
RecType
  • Label:
  • Definition: Record type
  • Type: Nominal
  • Missing values: None specified
RecYear
  • Label:
  • Definition: Year of record
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: Year (YYYY)
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: Not specified
  • Missing values: None specified
RecMonth
  • Label:
  • Definition: Month of record
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: dimensionless
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: Not specified
  • Missing values: None specified
RecDay
  • Label:
  • Definition: Day of record
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: dimensionless
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: Not specified
  • Missing values: None specified
Watershed
  • Label:
  • Definition: watershed
  • Type: Nominal
  • Missing values: None specified
DayofYear
  • Label:
  • Definition: Day of the year
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: dimensionless
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: Not specified
  • Missing values: None specified
MeanDischarge
  • Label:
  • Definition: mean discharge
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: cubicMetersPerSecond
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: Not specified
  • Missing values:
    • . = Missing or Not Measured
MaxDischarge
  • Label:
  • Definition: max discharge
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: cubicMetersPerSecond
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: 0.001
  • Missing values:
    • . = Missing or Not Measured
TimeMax
  • Label:
  • Definition: time of max discharge in 2400 hour format
  • Type: Date/time
  • Date format: hhss
  • Missing values:
    • . = Missing or Not Measured
MinDischarge
  • Label:
  • Definition: min discharge
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: cubicMetersPerSecond
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: Not specified
  • Missing values:
    • . = Missing or Not Measured
TimeMin
  • Label:
  • Definition: time of min discharge in 2400 hour format
  • Type: Date/time
  • Date format: hhss
  • Missing values:
    • . = Missing or Not Measured
Volume
  • Label:
  • Definition: volume
  • Type: Physical quantity
  • Unit: cubicMetersPerSecond
  • Maximum: Not specified
  • Minimum: Not specified
  • Precision: Not specified
  • Missing values:
    • . = Missing or Not Measured
Incomplete_flag
  • Label:
  • Definition: flag used to mark days with some missing five-minute stage measurements (1 = flag;0= no flag, '.' for missing value)
  • Type: Nominal
  • Missing values: None specified
Maintenance_flag
  • Label:
  • Definition: flag used to mark days with maintenance work (1 = flag;0= no flag, '.' for missing value)
  • Type: Nominal
  • Missing values: None specified
Qual_flag
  • Label:
  • Definition: flag used to mark days with bad data (1 = flag;0= no flag, '.' for missing value)
  • Type: Nominal
  • Missing values: None specified

Categories

Core Areas: 

Konza Keywords: 

Dates

Date Range: 

Sunday, January 6, 1985 to Sunday, December 31, 2023

Publication Date: 

Monday, March 25, 2024
People

Owner/Creator: 

Dr. Walter K. Dodds

Contact: 

Konza LTER

Metadata provider: 

Konza LTER
Related

Related publications: 

Watershed-scale chemical weathering in a merokarst terrain, northeastern Kansas, USA
Trajectories and state changes of a grassland stream and riparian zone after a decade of woody vegetation removal
Downloads
Methodology

Purpose: 

To study hydrology of streams draining tallgrass prairie catchments, to estimate surface losses of nitrogen (see data set NWC01), and to compare runoff and nutrient loss characteristics among four different burn frequencies (1-, 2-, and 4-year intervals, and unburned).

Methods: 

Location of Sampling Stations: Flumes are located at the base of each catchment ASD02/N04D; ASD04/N20B; ASD05/N01B; ASD06/N02B.

Frequency of Sampling: Stream gage height is recorded every five minutes on the CR-21X datalogger (Campbell Scientific Co.) up to 2012 at which point the depth logger was switched to a SUTRON Accubar Constant Flow Bubbler with integrated data logger. Each record also includes Julian day and time (discontinued in 1999 recorded hourly (see data set AWT02). Data were initially dumped at approximately one to two week intervals from the CR-21X memory to cassette tape (up to about 2000) or laptop computer (2012). Currently data are relayed via wireless to Bushnell Hall every 6 hours and backed up regularly. A computer program is used to reduce and summarize the five minute values into daily summary values and stormflow summary statistics.

Methods: Until 2013, gage height is sensed by pressure transducers (Druck Model PDCR 10/D) and recorded on the CR-21X datalogger (Campbell Scientific Co.), or by a SUTRON Accubar Constant Flow Bubbler with integrated data logger. In 2013, pressure transducers were replaced with air bubblers with an integrated pressure sensor (YSI WaterLOG Bubbler/Pressure Sensor H-3553) and data are recorded on a CR800 datalogger (Campbell Scientific Co.) Conversion to stream discharge requires two steps:

1) Correction of measured gage height to actual gage height using direct measurements of gage made approximately three times per week with a ruler at a reference point at each flume. Until 2018, corrections were applied annually by conducting a linear regression between time-matched manual (x) and bubbler (y) measurements of gage height using all data collected in a year. All bubbler measurements of gage height from that year were then corrected with the resulting regression equation. Starting in 2018, a two-point regression method has been employed by examining the linear relationship between any two consecutive points with manual and bubbler measurements of gage height. Manual measurements are collected approximately three times per week, therefore corrections are applied with the same frequency. All these corrections have been applied separately to each sampling station. Each sampling station is tested for high flows one time per year by plugging the stilling well and filling the well with water to artificially increase gage height. Water level in the stilling well is measured with the aid of a clear plastic tube running through the plug that fills to the same height as the well.
 
2) Translating gage height to stream discharge using a rating curve.
Two rating curves employ geometric relationships which are assumed to be valid at certain stage heights. The relationship used for calculating discharge at gage heights > 18.25 cm is:
Qm3/s = 4.64 x 10-5 * s^2.587
The relationship used for calculating discharge at gage heights between 0-18.25 cm is: Qm3/s = 6.49 x 10-5 * s^2.4714
Where Q is discharge in cubic meters per second and s is gage height in cm. These equations were derived using procedures in Replogle, J. A., H. Reikerk, and B. F. Swindel. 1978. Water monitoring in coastal forest watershed studies. IMPAC Report 2, Vol. 3, No. 2. Southwestern Forest Expt. Station, USDA, Gainesville, Florida.
 
Form of Data Output: 
Data are downloaded every one to two weeks until 2012 and have been downloaded at least every 24 hours since then.
 
Once corrected, data is stored on the LTER network. Daily and storm flow (five-minute value) summaries are available. Before 2005, only data for storm events were saved. Due to decreases in limitations of computer space, we are not saving complete hydrologic records for each watershed, and allowing individual users to convert height to storm peaks themselves for specific events they are interested in. Gage height data can be converted to discharge by using the equations above. 
 
Summary of All Changes:
1. Change all the blanks cells for missing values before 2013(on Jan & Feb, 2021), after 2013( on Aug, 2018)
2. Set the time min max to missing if there is zero flow during a day for all year’s data (on Jan & Feb, 2021).
3. For data quality flags, on the flag columns, before 2013, put a missing code. After 2013 change blank to ‘zero’, what those meaning are: 1 = flag, 0=no flag, ‘.’ = missing value (Aug, 2018, Jan & Feb, 2021)
4. For variables of volume, height, Sheight, CorrectedSheight, Discharge, RecHour etc, if any of the value is null or blank, willl set them for missing value '.' (Feb 2021)

For additional metadata information see: http://lter.konza.ksu.edu/sites/default/files/DC.pdf

For additional methods information see: http://lter.konza.ksu.edu/sites/default/files/MM.pdf

Maintenance: 

ongoing